BIOLOGY 221
Practice Quizzes - Final Exam Review
J.E. Lathrop-Davis, Assistant Professor
CCBC Catonsville

The following are the major concepts from A&P II that are important for you to remember. In many cases, the location of related information has been provided including material covered in A&PI. Some concepts will be important to you later in your career but do not relate directly to other material covered in A&P II. This list is NOT all-inclusive and other material may also be on the final exam.

Concept	Location of Related Information
Topic 1 – Blood
· Major functions of the circulatory system	Most other topics
· Formation of RBCs and recycling	Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 9 Nutrition; Topic 10 Urinary System
· Function and formation of WBCs	Topic 6 Resistance
· Hemostasis	Topic 3 Blood Vessels; Topic 9 Nutrition; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Anemia	Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 9 Nutrition
· Plasma and plasma proteins	Topic 4 Blood Pressure; Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 10 Urinary System
· Blood typing
Topic 2 - Heart
· Blood flow through the chambers and great vessels of the heart; AV valves	Topic 3 Blood Vessels; Topic 7 Respiratory System
· Action potentials in the heart	Topic 9 Nutrition; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Cardiac output and control including clinical control	Topic 4 Blood Pressure; Unit IX (A&P I) ANS; Unit VI (A&P I) Brain
· ECGs; sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation	Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
Topic 3 – Blood Vessels
· Blood vessel structure and function	Topic 4 Blood Pressure
· Capillary types, functions and locations	Topic 4 Blood Pressure; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 10 Urinary System
· Circulatory patterns	Topic 2 Heart; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 13 Development
· Factors affecting venous return	Topic 2 Heart; Topic 4 Blood Pressure; Topic 5 Lymphatic System
Topic 4 – Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Capillary Dynamics
· Systolic/diastolic blood pressure, MAP	Topic 10 Urinary System
· Capillary blood pressure	Topic 5 Lymphatic System
· Factors affecting BP	Topic 2 Heart; Topic 3 Blood Vessels; Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Control of BP	Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance; Unit VI (A&P I) Brain; Unit IX (A&P I) ANS
· Sources and control of resistance to flow	Topic 3 Blood Vessels
· Disorders of blood pressure	Topic 10 Urinary System
· Autoregulation of local flow	Topic 10 Urinary System
· Capillary dynamics	Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 5 Lymphatic System
· Edema	Topic 5 Lymphatic System; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Circulatory shock	Topic 2 Heart; Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 10 Urinary System
Topic 5 – Lymphatic System
· Functions	Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 9 Nutrition
· Lymphatic tissues	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 8 Digestive System
Topic 6 – Resistance
· Nonspecific resistance - Intact membranes - Phagocytosis - Fever - Antimicrobial proteins	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 5 Lymphatic System; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 9 Nutrition; Unit III (A&P I) Integumentary System
· Specific immunity
Topic 7 – Respiratory System
· Control of ventilation	Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Protection against disease	Topic 5 Lymphatic System; Topic 6 Resistance
· Gas exchange	Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Gas transport	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 2 Heart; Topic 3 Blood Vessels
· Pulmonary edema	Topic 4 Blood Pressure
· Regulation of ventilation	Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance; Unit VI (A&P I) Brain
Topic 8 – Digestive System
· Control of digestion	Unit VI (A&P I) Brain; Unit IX (A&P I) ANS
· GI blood supply	Topic 3 Blood Vessels
· Protection of the GI tract	Topic 5 Lymphatic System; Topic 6 Resistance
· Digestive processes	Topic 5 Lymphatic System; Topic 9 Nutrition
· Pancreas	Topic 9 Nutrition; Unit XI (A&P I) Endocrine System
· Liver	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 9 Nutrition
· Constipation and diarrhea	Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
Topic 9 – Nutrition, Metabolism and Body Temperature Regulation
· Carbohydrates and blood glucose control	Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 8 Digestive System
· Proteins	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 2 Heart; Topic 4 Blood Pressure; Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 10 Urinary System; Unit XI (A&P I) Endocrine System
· Minerals	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 7 Respiratory System; Topic 10 Urinary System; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance
· Aerobic metabolism	Topic 7 Respiratory System
· Liver	Topic 1 Blood; Topic 8 Digestive System; Topic 10 Urinary System; Unit XI (A&P I) Endocrine System
· Temperature regulation	Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance; Topic 6 Resistance; Topic 11 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance; Unit VI (A&P I) Brain; Unit IX (A&P I) ANS; Unit XI (A&P I) Endocrine System

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