1. Define membrane potential.
2. Describe the structural components of the plasma membrane.
3. List and describe two major classes of plasma membrane channels.
4. Explain the structure and function(s) of gated channels.

1. Define resting membrane potential.
2. Explain the function(s) of ions and sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential.

1. Define and describe graded potentials.
2. Define and describe action potentials.
3. Compare and contrast graded and action potentials.

1. Define action potential.
2. List the characteristic features of action potentials.
3. Name and describe the events of an action potential
4. Define and describe the absolute and relative refractory periods.

1. List the types of impulse conduction.
2. Define and describe continuous conduction.
3. Define and describe saltatory conduction.
4. Discuss the effect of stimulus intensity on action potentials.
5. List the intrinsic factors influencing the velocity of impulse conduction.
6. List the extrinsic factors influencing the velocity of impulse conduction.

1. List the types of nerve fibers.
2. Describe their structure and function(s) in the nervous system.

1. Describe the structure of the distal end of an axon.
2. List and describe the types of neuron-neuron synapses.
3. Describe electrical synapses.
4. List and describe the types of neuroeffector junctions.

Chemical Synapses

1. List and describe the features and components of chemical synapses.
2. List and describe the events at a chemical synapse.
3. Explain how the effects of neurotransmitters are terminated.

1. Describe excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and their causes.
2. Describe inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) and their causes.

1. Describe spatial and temporal summations.
2. Define synaptic potentiation and facilitation.

1. Classify neurotransmitters based on effects.
2. Classify neurotransmitters based on mechanism of action.
3. Describe the mechanism of direct action by neurotransmitters.
4. Describe the mechanism of indirect action by neurotransmitters.
5. Classify neurotransmitters based on structure.
6. Name and describe specific neurotransmitters within each class based on function(s), site(s) of secretion, and other properties.

1. Describe and give examples of simple series circuit.
2. Describe and give examples of converging circuit.
3. Describe and give examples of diverging series circuit.
4. Describe and give examples of reverberating circuit.
5. Describe and give examples of parallel after-discharge circuit.