Objectives Chapter 25 Carbohydrates Brown, Foote & Iverson 4th Ed.

Read chapter 25 Study key reactions1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (pgs. 1026-1027)

  1. Be able to define each of the following terms and give several examples: carbohydrate, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccaharide, polysaccharide, aldohexose, ketohexose and mutarotation.
  2. Be able to draw the Fischer formula of D-glyceraldehyde, L-glyceraldehyde, D-glucose, d-fructose.
  3. Be able to show how the open form of D-glucose can form two different glucopyranose forms the alpha and beta forms by forming a hemiacetal with the hydroxyl group on the 5 carbon atom (penultimate carbon atom)
  4. Given the Haworth formula of a cyclic sugar tell if it is alpha or beta and be able to identify the anomeric carbon (the carbon which was the aldehyde before hemiacetal formation occurred.
  5. Be able to give the reaction of the cyclic form of glucose with an alcohol to form a glycoside.
  6. Be able to show how B-D-ribofurnaose (structure will be given) can form a B-N-glycoside with an amine such as Uracil ( structure will be given) (see pg. 964)
  7. Given the structure of the cyclic from of ribose show how it can be polymerized through the 3 and the 5 positions with phosphate.
    2 ROH + (HO)3PO -->

OH

ROPOR

OH

8.Show the structure of the product which would result when glucose is reduced.
9. Show the structure of the organic product which would result when glucose is oxidized with Benedict's solution. (blue copper II tartrate turns red when Cu I oxide s formed)
10.Show how two units of alpha-D-glucose can join head to tail via the 1 OH of a hemiacetal can form an acetal with the OH on c 4 of another molecule of alpha-D-glucose .
11. Give the names of the products of hydrolysis of each of the following compounds: sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch, glycogen, cellulose. Cellulose is a polymer of what from of glucose? Starch is a polymer of what form of glucose?
12. Be able to tell which sugar is the sweetest: glucose, sucrose or fructose
13. Be able to do the following problems in Chapter 25: 25.3( pg. 1010), 25.6 At the end of the chapter work these problems: 7, 8, 11, 16,18, 19, 23 44

CHEM 202 Syllabus