Lab Quiz 2

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Across

  1. Two or more flagella at one or both poles of the cell.
  2. During starch hydrolysis, starch is broken down to __________.
  3. A microscope that uses special optics convert slight variations in specimen thickness into corresponding visible variation in brightness. Thus, the bacterium and its structures appear darker than the background. (2 words)
  4. Dye in which the color portion resides in the negative ion.
  5. The first reagent used during gram staining is__________. (2 words)
  6. An anaerobic process during which carbohydrates are broken down for energy production.
  7. An exoenzyme that hydrolizes starch is called a __________.
  8. If SIM medium turns black after inoculation and incubation, what has the bacterium produced? (2 words)
  9. Used inside the bacterium, to brake down nutrients to yield energy for driving various cellular functions or to form building blocks to synthesize cellular components.
  10. Fermentation of carbohydrates by bacteria always produces _________ end products.
  11. An exoenzyme that hydrolizes a protein is called a _____________.
  12. If no fermentation occurs, phenol red lactose broth will appear ________.
  13. During protein hydrolysis, proteins are broken down into ______________. (2 words)
  14. The emergence of a single vegetative bacterium from an endospore.
  15. This structure helps many pathogenic and normal flora bacteria to initially resist phagocytosis by the host's phagocytic cells. In soil and water, capsules help prevent bacteria from being engulfed by protozoans. It also helps many bacteria to adhere to surfaces and thus resist flushing.
  16. The second reagent used during gram staining is__________. (2 words)
  17. The enzyme that breaks hydrogen peroxide down into water and oxygen.
  18. A basic dye will give a ___________ stain.
  19. Gram-positive bacteria stain _______ after gram staining.
  20. Another word for the bacterial capsule.

Down

  1. In preparing slides for staining, what is used to stick the bacteria to the glass so they do not wash off?
  2. The fortht reagent used during gram staining is__________.
  3. The principle protein found in milk that gives milk its white, opaque appearance.
  4. A genus of bacterium that produces endospores.
  5. An acidic dye will give a ___________ stain.
  6. A resistant, dormant survival form of certain bacteria that is resistant to heat, drying, radiation, and various chemical disinfectants.
  7. The third reagent used during gram staining is__________. (2 words)
  8. A single flagellum at one pole.
  9. Axial filaments are iInternal flagella found only in __________.
  10. Dye in which the color portion resides in the positive ion.
  11. Growth occurs only along the line of inoculation in Motility Test medium. Growth along the stab line is very sharp and defined. The bacterium is ________________.
  12. If the Kovac's reagent added to SIM medium after inoculation and incubation turns red, what has the bacterium produced?
  13. A bacterial cell wall containing only 2-3 layers of peptidoglycan and surrounded by an outer membrane composed of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotein, and proteins. (2 words)
  14. A broad, dense bacterial cell wall 20-80 nm thick and consisting of numerous interconnecting layers of peptidoglycan. Interwoven in the cell wall are teichoic acids. (2 words)
  15. A single flagellum at both poles.
  16. Completely surrounded by flagella.
  17. Secreted by bacteria into the surrounding environment in order to break down larger nutrient molecules so they may enter the bacterium.
  18. A microscope that uses a special condenser to direct light away from the objective lens. However, bacteria lying in the transparent medium will scatter light so that it enters the objective. The organism will appear bright against the dark background.
  19. Gram-negative bacteria stain _______ after gram staining.
  20. If lactose is fermented by a bacterium, the phenol red lactose broth will appear ________.
  21. In carbohydrate fermentation, the Durham tube is used to detect the production of _________.
  22. Growth along the stab line in Motility Test medium appears cloud-like or "out of focus" as it moves away from the stab line. The bacterium is _____________.


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